Immigration Law Considerations

Which countries do most Lawful Permanent Residents (“LPRs”) reside in – if they are not living in the U.S.?

By · March 4, 2014 · Updated June 3, 2026

This is a very important question for purposes of the “tax-expatriation” rules that can apply to LPRs who leave the U.S. and live predominantly in another country.  This is particularly important if the individual lives in a country with a U.S. income tax treaty.

See the article – Oops…Did I “Expatriate” and Never Know It: Lawful Permanent Residents Beware! International Tax Journal, CCH Wolters Kluwer, Jan.-Feb. 2014, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p9.

For statistical information of LPRs and their country of origin, see, Rytina, Nancy; Estimates of the Legal Permanent Resident Population in 2012, Office of Immigration Statistics (July 2013). p 3.

Country of Birth

Mexico was the leading country of origin of the LPR population in 2012 (see Table 4). An estimated 3.3 million or 25 percent of LPRs came from Mexico. The next leading source countries were China (0.6 million) and the Philippines (0.6 million), followed by India (0.5 million) and the Dominican Republic (0.5 million). Forty-two percent of LPRs in 2012 were born in one of these five coun-tries. The 10 leading countries of origin, which also include Cuba, Vietnam, El Salvador, Canada, and the United Kingdom, repre-sented 55 percent of the LPR population.

Table 4  Country of Brith of LPRs 2012

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Patrick W. Martin

Patrick W. Martin

U.S. International Tax Lawyer · Shareholder, Chamberlain Hrdlicka

Patrick W. Martin is a U.S. tax lawyer licensed in California, Texas, and Washington, D.C., with 32+ years advising on the tax consequences of renouncing U.S. citizenship or abandoning lawful permanent residency. He served as lead counsel in Aroeste v. United States, the landmark federal case on green card holders, tax treaties, and the exit tax. Best Lawyers in America® (Tax Law), 2015–2025.

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